For certain cases, such as tissue gas, speciality chemicals such as Omega Decomp Factor, Triton-28, STOP or Dispray (Topical) can be arterially injected to kill tissue gas. The opposite of humectants, these are designed to draw excessive fluid ( edema) from a body. These are added to dehydrated and emaciated bodies to help restore tissue to a more natural and hydrated appearance. Inactive dyes are used by the manufacturer of the arterial fluid to give a pleasant color to the fluid in the bottle but do nothing for the appearance of the embalmed body.
Active dyes are used to restore the body's natural colouration and counterstain against conditions such as jaundice as well as to indicate distribution of arterial fluid. These chemicals act to prepare cells for absorption of arterial fluid and help break up clots in the bloodstream. Additionally, water conditioners may be used to help inactivate chemotherapy drugs and antibiotics, which may bind to and render ineffectual the preservative chemical. These are designed to balance the "hardness" of water (the presence of other trace chemicals that change the water's pH or neutrality) and to help reduce the deceased's acidity, a by-product of decomposition, as formaldehyde works best in an alkaline environment. Formalin refers specifically to 37% aqueous formaldehyde and is not commonly used in funeral embalming but rather in the preservation of anatomical specimens. Methanol is used to hold the formaldehyde in solution. These are commonly a percentage (normally 18–37%) based mixture of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde or in some cases phenol which are then diluted to gain the final index of the arterial solution. Potential ingredients in an arterial solution include: Non-preservative chemicals in an arterial solution are generally called "accessory chemicals" or co/pre-injectants, depending on their time of utilization. It is important to distinguish between an arterial chemical (or fluid), which is generally taken to be the product in its original composition, and an arterial solution, which is a diluted mixture of chemicals and made to order for each body. Many other bodily fluids may also be displaced and removed from the body using the arterial system and in the case of cavity treatment aspirated from the body and replaced with a specialty fluid known as cavity fluid. For example, a body needing to be repatriated overseas needs a higher index (percentage of diluted preservative chemical) than one simply for viewing (known in the United States and Canada as a funeral visitation) at a funeral home before cremation or burial.Įmbalming fluid is injected into the arterial system of the deceased.
Instead, various chemicals are used to create a mixture, called an arterial solution, which is uniquely generated for the needs of each case.
Modern embalming is not done with a single fixative. The end result also creates the simulation, via color changes, of the appearance of blood flowing under the skin. Formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde fixes tissue or cells by irreversibly connecting a primary amine group in a protein molecule with a nearby nitrogen in a protein or DNA molecule through a -CH 2- linkage called a Schiff base. Embalming fluid acts to fix ( denature) cellular proteins, meaning that they cannot act as a nutrient source for bacteria embalming fluid also kills the bacteria themselves.
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